UPSC GS PAPER II | INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
IN NEWS
ndia–Ethiopia relations are important for trade, strategic cooperation and India’s broader engagement with Africa.
KEY FACTS
- Capital: Addis Ababa
- Region: Horn of Africa
- Currency: Ethiopian birr
- AU Headquarters: Addis Ababa
- Full diplomatic relations: 1950
- Strategic Partnership: December 2025
AREAS OF COOPERATION
- Trade: Pharmaceuticals, agriculture and manufacturing.
- Defence: Training and security cooperation.
- Technology: Digitalisation and emerging technologies.
- Education: Skill development and capacity-building.
- Diplomacy: Cooperation through the African Union and Global South forums.
STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE FORINDIA
- Strengthens India’s Africa policy.
- Expands trade and investment opportunities.
- Supports cooperation in the Horn of Africa.
- Promotes South–South cooperation.
- Creates opportunities for technology partnerships.
KEY CHALLENGES
- Regional instability.
- Trade and connectivity barriers.
- Competition from global powers.
- Gaps in implementing agreements.
PRELIMS QUICK REVISION
- Ethiopia is in the Horn of Africa.
- Addis Ababa hosts the African Union headquarters.
- Ethiopia’s currency is the Ethiopian birr.
- India and Ethiopia established full diplomatic relations in 1950.
MAINS PRACTICE QUESTION
Q. Discuss the strategic importance of India–Ethiopia relations in India’s Africa policy. (150 words)
CONCLUSION
Stronger India–Ethiopia cooperation can advance India’s economic interests, regional engagement and partnership with the Global South.
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